Research under this theme examines the role of women in conflict and peace in and beyond the Arab world. This involves both research as part of multi-faceted studies, training, and advocacy projects on women and peacemaking in addition to a focus on gender as a cross-cutting thematic area in CHS research activities. The scope of this research is focused on the specific issue of women and inclusion in mediation and peacemaking efforts as well as the broader concern with the role of women in conflict prevention, post-conflict reconstruction, and peacebuilding.